Fish's FAQ already explains why it doesn't use `!!` – it says that editing commands from history by pressing the up arrow is more memorable and flexible. I don't find it a problem to type “up Ctrl-A sudo” instead of “sudo !!”.
It would be great if Fish supported &&. I know it has its own syntax for this but it's not particularly fun going through a command you copy pasted from elsewhere and swapping out all the &&s (I usually just end up firing up bash).