Update: I had originally used a Docker image with a version of GCC built with assertions enabled, skewing the results. I am sorry for that.
Modules are actually not that bad with a proper version of GCC. The checking assertions absolutely crippled C++23 module performance in the original run:
Modules (Basic 1 type): from 352.8 ms to 279.5 ms (-73.3 ms)
Modules (AoS Original): from 1,077.0 ms to 605.7 ms (-471.3 ms, ~43% faster)
Modules are actually not that bad with a proper version of GCC. The checking assertions absolutely crippled C++23 module performance in the original run:
Modules (Basic 1 type): from 352.8 ms to 279.5 ms (-73.3 ms) Modules (AoS Original): from 1,077.0 ms to 605.7 ms (-471.3 ms, ~43% faster)
Please check the update article for the new data.